【人称代词宾格用法及练习(6页)】在英语学习中,人称代词是一个基础但非常重要的语法点。其中,宾格形式(object pronouns)尤其容易被混淆,尤其是在句子中作为动词或介词的宾语时。掌握好宾格代词的正确使用,有助于提高语言表达的准确性和自然性。
一、什么是人称代词宾格?
人称代词分为主格(subject pronouns)和宾格(object pronouns)。主格用于作句子的主语,而宾格则用于作动词或介词的宾语。
| 主格 | 宾格 |
|------|------|
| I| me |
| you| you|
| he | him|
| she| her|
| it | it |
| we | us |
| they | them |
注意:you 在主格和宾格中是相同的,因此不需要区分。
二、宾格代词的基本用法
1. 作动词的宾语
宾格代词常用于动词后面,表示动作的承受者。
- I see her.(我看见她。)
- He gave me a book.(他给我一本书。)
2. 作介词的宾语
宾格代词也可以出现在介词后,构成介词短语。
- She is talking to him.(她在和他说话。)
- This gift is for us.(这份礼物是给我们的。)
3. 在某些固定搭配中
有些动词或短语后必须使用宾格代词。
- Do you like me?(你喜欢我吗?)
- It's time for us to go.(是我们该走了。)
三、常见错误与辨析
1. 混淆主格与宾格
- ❌ I like he.(错误)
- ✅ I like him.(正确)
原因:he 是主格,不能作动词“like”的宾语。
2. 误用在句首
- ❌ Me and you are going.(错误)
- ✅ You and I are going.(正确)
原因:当主语是两个人时,应使用主格,并且通常把“you”放在前面。
3. 在比较结构中出错
- ❌ She is taller than me.(错误)
- ✅ She is taller than I.(正确)
原因:在比较结构中,如果省略了动词,应使用主格。
四、练习题(附答案)
练习一:选择正确的代词填空
1. She called ______.(I / me)
2. The teacher gave ______ a good grade.(he / him)
3. They saw ______ at the park.(we / us)
4. Please give the book to ______.(she / her)
5. Did you talk to ______?(they / them)
答案:
1. me
2. him
3. us
4. her
5. them
练习二:改写句子,将主格改为宾格
1. He loves her. → He loves her.(无需改动)
2. She likes you. → She likes you.
3. They invited us. → They invited us.
4. I saw him. → I saw him.
5. We helped them. → We helped them.
练习三:判断正误并改正
1. I don't like he. → I don't like him.
2. She is better than me. → She is better than I.
3. The cat chased we. → The cat chased us.
4. Can you help I? → Can you help me?
5. You and me are friends. → You and I are friends.
五、小结
人称代词宾格虽然看似简单,但在实际使用中却常常出现错误。通过理解其基本用法、注意常见错误,并结合大量练习,可以有效提升对宾格代词的掌握能力。建议多阅读英文材料,观察真实语境中代词的使用方式,从而逐步培养语感。
附:6页内容可扩展方向
1. 第1页:介绍人称代词分类与基本概念
2. 第2页:详细讲解宾格代词的用法与例句
3. 第3页:常见错误分析与对比
4. 第4页:练习题1(选择题)
5. 第5页:练习题2(改写句子)
6. 第6页:练习题3(判断正误与改正)
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