【指示代词that】在英语语法中,“that” 是一个非常常见的指示代词,它在句子中起到指代前文提到的名词或整个句子的作用。根据语境不同,“that”可以充当主语、宾语、定语等成分,具有明确的指代功能。
一、
“That”作为指示代词,主要用于指代前面提到的人、事或物,有时也可用于引导从句。它的使用有助于避免重复,使语言更加简洁和自然。在实际应用中,“that”常用于以下几种情况:
1. 指代单数名词:如 “This is the book that I bought yesterday.”
2. 指代复数名词:如 “These are the people that live next door.”
3. 引导定语从句:如 “The car that is parked outside is mine.”
4. 引导名词性从句:如 “I know that he is coming.”
5. 强调句结构:如 “It is the teacher that helped me.”
此外,“that”在口语中有时会被省略,但在正式写作中仍需保留以保持语法正确性。
二、表格展示
类型 | 用法 | 示例 | 说明 |
指示代词 | 指代前文提到的名词(单数) | This is the book that I read. | “that”指代“the book”,作宾语 |
指示代词 | 指代前文提到的名词(复数) | These are the students that passed the exam. | “that”指代“students”,作主语 |
定语从句 | 引导限定性定语从句 | The man that is standing there is my father. | “that”修饰“man”,作主语 |
名词性从句 | 引导宾语从句 | I believe that he is telling the truth. | “that”引导宾语从句,不作成分 |
强调句 | 强调句结构 | It is the teacher that helped me. | “that”用于强调“teacher” |
口语省略 | 在口语中可省略 | I saw a movie (that) was very interesting. | “that”可省略,但书面语中应保留 |
三、注意事项
- 在非正式场合中,“that”常被省略,尤其是在口语中。
- 在正式写作中,尤其是学术或法律文本中,“that”必须保留,以确保句子结构清晰。
- “that”不能与“which”混用,特别是在限定性定语从句中,“that”是更常见且更自然的选择。
通过合理使用“that”,我们可以让句子更加连贯、逻辑更清晰,同时增强表达的准确性。在学习英语的过程中,掌握“that”的正确用法是非常重要的一步。