【2022年考研英语表语从句的用法】在考研英语中,表语从句是一个重要的语法知识点,尤其在完形填空、阅读理解以及写作中频繁出现。掌握表语从句的结构和用法,有助于提高考生对复杂句子的理解能力,并提升语言表达的准确性。
一、表语从句概述
表语从句是用作表语的从句,通常跟在系动词(如 be, seem, appear, become, look, sound, feel 等)之后,用来说明主语的身份、性质、状态或特征。表语从句本身是一个完整的句子,具有主谓结构,可以由 that、whether、if、wh-疑问词等引导。
二、常见引导词及用法
| 引导词 | 用法说明 | 示例 |
| that | 引导陈述性内容,不充当成分,不省略 | The problem is that we don’t have enough time. |
| whether / if | 引导选择性或不确定的内容,常用于 whether...or not 结构 | The question is whether he will come or not. |
| who / what / which / when / where / why / how | 引导特殊疑问句,表示具体信息 | The question is who will take the lead. |
| as if / as though | 表示“好像……”,引导虚拟语气 | He acts as if he were the boss. |
三、常见句型结构
1. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句
- The fact is that he was late again.
- It seems that she is tired.
2. It is + adj./n. + that 从句
- It is clear that he made a mistake.
- It is a pity that we can’t go.
3. It is said / reported / believed that...
- It is said that the meeting has been canceled.
- It is reported that the accident happened yesterday.
四、注意事项
1. 避免重复使用 that:在一些情况下,that 可以省略,但不是所有情况都可以省略。
2. 区分同位语从句与表语从句:表语从句解释主语的性质,而同位语从句是对前面名词的具体说明。
3. 注意时态一致性:表语从句中的动词时态要与主句保持一致。
五、总结
| 内容 | 说明 |
| 定义 | 表语从句是用作表语的从句,通常跟在系动词后,说明主语的性质或状态 |
| 引导词 | that, whether, if, wh-词,as if / as though 等 |
| 常见结构 | 主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句;It is + 形容词/名词 + that 从句 |
| 注意事项 | 避免重复使用 that,区分同位语从句,注意时态一致性 |
通过系统学习和练习,考生可以更准确地识别和运用表语从句,从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。建议多做相关真题练习,结合实际语境加深理解。
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